International Journal of Social Sciences and Public Administration
International Journal of Social Sciences and Public Administration (IJSSPA), a peer-reviewed open access journal published in English-language, provides an international platform for the publication and dissemination of original work that contributes to the understanding of the main and related disciplines of social sciences, humanities, public administration either empirical or theoretical. The journal covers the whole spectrum of social sciences, humanities, public administration, which includes, cultural, political, and social processes, linguistics, anthropology, sociology, history, environmental studies, business administration, public health, political science, demography, cultural studies, ethnography and sociolinguistics, public policy administration, and more.
Rules Governing the Conversion of Supervisory Evidence at the Interface between Supervisory Enforcement and Criminal Justice
Following the reform of China's national supervision system, fact-finding in duty-related criminal cases is conducted primarily during supervisory investigation, while review for prosecution and criminal adjudication are undertaken by the criminal justice system. Whether evidence collected by supervisory organs can enter criminal proceedings in a regulated manner and withstand judicial scrutiny directly affects the legality, fairness, and efficiency of duty-related criminal case handling. Current law provides that evidence lawfully collected by supervisory organs may be used in criminal proceedings and requires evidence collection, preservation, examination, and use in supervisory investigations to conform to the requirements and standards of criminal adjudication. These provisions, however, remain largely principle-based. The specific standards governing cross-procedural admission and review have not been sufficiently developed. In practice, major difficulties include the conflation of evidentiary eligibility with admissibility, insufficient alignment between supervisory evidence-collection rules and criminal trial standards, uncertain rules for excluding illegally obtained evidence and curing procedural defects, and weak coordination among supervisory organs, procuratorates, and trial courts. This article argues for a tiered distinction among evidentiary eligibility, admissibility, and probative value; trial-oriented evidence collection; differentiated review by evidence type; strengthened exclusion and cure mechanisms; and an integrated process of early procuratorial involvement, prosecutorial review, supplementary investigation, trial testing, and institutional feedback. These reforms would move supervisory evidence from merely being capable of entering criminal proceedings to being legally capable of serving as a basis for conviction.
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The Avant-Garde Turn: On Sun Ganlu’s Novel A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains
Writing the full-length novel A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains, Sun Ganlu adopts a groundbreaking avant-garde stance, completing a remarkable shift from avant-garde literary experimentation to revolutionary historical narration. The successful publication of this work not only marks a transition in the writer’s personal creation, but also delivers a creative transformation scheme of avant-garde aesthetics for genre literary narration. With the self-awareness of "returning to the historical scene", Sun Ganlu frees revolutionary historical narration from the conventional grand framework. Through three-dimensional innovations in themes, narration and style, he builds a new textual form integrating popularity, avant-garde quality and historical profundity. This avant-garde shift originates not merely from the writer’s subjective awareness, but is also profoundly shaped by the changes of the times, market pressures and literary traditions. Furthermore, in this work, Sun Ganlu not only achieves innovations in revolutionary literary narration, but also accomplishes the transposition of artistic classics and the depiction of Shanghai’s spatial cultural memory. Given the insufficient multi-dimensional academic research on Sun Ganlu’s A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains, this paper takes the "avant-garde turn" as the entry point under integrated literary and contextual considerations, examines the specific manifestations of this shift in the novel, dissects its underlying causes, and explores the literary value of the work.
A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains
Research on Existing Dilemmas and Innovative Paths of University Student Management in the New Era
Student management acts as the core carrier for universities to fulfill the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education and cultivate all-round developed talents. Against the backdrop of the new era, digital transformation, diversified youth value orientations and the construction of the "Three-Full Education" system have raised higher standards for university student management. This paper elaborates on the core connotation and educational value of modern university student management, sorts out three prominent practical dilemmas including backward management concepts, fragmented collaborative governance systems and insufficient capacity for digital precise management. Furthermore, it constructs systematic innovative paths from three dimensions: renewal of educational concepts, optimization of collaborative operation mechanisms and digital intelligent empowerment. The research aims to promote the transformation of student management from "regulation-oriented" to "student-centered service education", optimize the full-chain growth support system for students, and provide theoretical references for universities to realize the modernization of student governance.
From Port to Chinese Shops: Lingnan Commercial Culture and Chinese Retail Localization in the Caribbean
This paper explores how Lingnan commercial culture was transmitted and localized through Chinese retail network in the Caribbean from the late nineteenth to the early twentieth century. With historical materials, ethnographic records, and literary texts, it tries to sort out the movement of Guangdong migrants from planting labor to small commerce. The Chinese shop helped migrants settle and earn a living in the Caribbean. It worked as a daily mechanism, embedding migrants in local economies by providing ordinary goods, credit, long hours service, family labor, and customer contact. Kin sponsorship, native-place ties, apprenticeship, rotating credit, schools, and benevolent associations helped these retail networks to grow across different islands and generations. Therefore, the Lingnan characteristics of the shops lay in their flexible commercial practices rather than in fixed cultural symbols.
Deep Learning Strategies for Senior High English Reading based on the Activity-Based Approach to English Learning
English Curriculum Standards for General Senior High Schools (2017 Edition, revised in 2025) emphasize the concept of "deep learning" more explicitly and systematically. However, issues such as formalized, mechanized, and fragmented teaching activities remain prominent, failing to achieve the effect of deep teaching. Taking “After Twenty Years” selected from Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press (FLTRP) Compulsory 1 as an example, this study explores how to effectively promote deep teaching in reading classes through progressive activities that move from being based on the text, to delving into the text, and finally to going beyond the text, thereby stimulating higher-order thinking.
Study on the Spatial Morphology of Manchu Tomb-guarding Village from the Perspective of Space Syntax: A Case Study of Huiyingfang Village in Zunhua
As a regional village type with Chinese characteristics, tomb-guarding village carries a unique institutional culture and space construction logic, but the academic circles have paid little attention to it. This study takes Huiyingfang village as the research object, and uses the space syntax method to compare and quantitatively analyze the spatial form of the village in the late Qing Dynasty and 2023, it reveals the evolution characteristics and internal mechanism of its spatial structure. The study found that: (1) the core area of village integration has remained stable since the late Qing Dynasty, and the overall street skeleton continues the barracks road network pattern of the Qing Dynasty, showing a long-term inheritance of spatial inertia; (2) the village road choice shows a significant urban-rural polarization, and the peripheral historical resources are destroyed and idled due to the lack of protection, which weakens the overall visitability and attractiveness of the village (3) the intelligibility of villages has been significantly improved with the development of villages, and the spatial identification has been enhanced. However, in the process of urbanization, the traditional human texture is facing the dilemma of gradual deconstruction. This paper evaluates the spatial development trend and existing problems of tomb-guarding village from the perspective of time and space, and puts forward targeted development strategies in order to provide scientific reference for the protection and renewal of the same type of traditional villages.
Study on the Application of the Output Hypothesis to English Writing Teaching in Senior High Schools from the Perspective of Cultivating Critical Thinking Ability
This study explores the application of Swain's Output Hypothesis in cultivating critical thinking skills within high school English writing instruction, aiming to address the core contradiction between the mindset cultivation objectives outlined in the General High School English Curriculum Standards (2020 Edition) and the prevailing tendency towards template-based teaching. Through textual analysis, theoretical integration, and model design, the research first diagnoses the current state and issues in high school English writing instruction and student writing. Subsequently, it constructs a "controversy-driven writing framework" based on these findings, proposing two innovative principles: the adoption of a three-dimensional screening criterion for topic design that emphasizes social relevance, openness, and debatability; and the implementation of a three-stage cognitive gradient in task execution, namely "multi-perspective input, followed by forced stance output, and concluding with metalinguistic reflection." The study suggests that through stance-switching tasks and a dynamic feedback mechanism, the complexity of student arguments and critical thinking performance can be enhanced over time, providing a systematic solution to the homogenization dilemma in college entrance examination writing.
Exploration of Alleviation Paths for Unbalanced Digital Services in Age-Friendly Cities from the Perspective of Algorithm Governance
Due to the combined impact of urbanisation, an ageing population and digitalisation, many places around the world are now facing age-friendly smart city construction. However, with the rapid development of algorithm-driven digital public services, serious service disparities and an aggravated digital divide for older people have inadvertently occurred. This paper proposes a way to address the problem of uneven development of digital services in age-friendly communities through algorithm governance. Systematically analyze the structural, technical and cognitive dimensions of digital exclusion, and demonstrate how 'AI ageism' and algorithmic bias in resource allocation systematically disadvantage older adults. Incorporate the World Health Organization's age-friendly framework and contemporary theories of algorithmic accountability to identify three main forms of service imbalance in this study: infrastructural mismatch, algorithmic opacity, and participatory deficit. Therefore, the following multi-level governance path has been proposed. Institutionalisation of age-inclusive algorithmic auditing, enhancement of digital literacy through participatory design, and enforcement of transparent, explainable AI policies tailored to elderly cognitive patterns are included. In short, this paper offers some ideas for promoting equitable and inclusive ageing in old age in the new era of urbanisation.
Research on the Development of High-Quality Teachers for Ideological and Political Theory Courses in the New Era
Ideological and Political Theory (IPT) courses stand as the core curriculum to fulfill the fundamental mission of fostering virtue through education, and a high-quality cohort of IPT teachers serves as the foundational backbone for delivering effective IPT teaching and cultivating young talents tasked with national rejuvenation. Since the launch of the New Era, the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Chinese government have placed unprecedented emphasis on the development of IPT teaching teams and released a suite of policy documents to orient team building. However, the construction of such teaching teams is still plagued by practical challenges: inadequate coordinated improvement of teachers’ political literacy and professional capabilities, fragmented integrated development across primary, secondary and tertiary education, and defective teacher training and cultivation mechanisms. Against the backdrop of advancing China’s strategy of building a powerful nation through education, this study draws on existing academic literature and questionnaire survey data, employing literature analysis and systematic analysis as core research methods. It elaborates on the intrinsic connotations and value implications of constructing high-quality IPT teaching teams in the New Era, identifies prominent bottlenecks obstructing team development, and puts forward targeted optimization strategies from four dimensions: political guidance, comprehensive competency upgrading, cross-stage integrated development, and institutional system improvement. This research intends to facilitate high-quality development of IPT teachers and furnish robust talent support for nurturing young generations who can shoulder the historic mission of rejuvenating the Chinese nation.
Teachers of Ideological and Political Theory Courses
Integrated Development Across Educational Stages
The Judicial Dilemma of the Right to Be Forgotten in the Digital Age and the Shift to Localization Paths
Digital technology endows information with the technical characteristic of permanent storage, giving rise to the social governance challenge of "digital stigmatization ." Foreign General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) constructs a normative system for the right to be forgotten, centered on physical deletion and simultaneous cleanup across the entire network. This paradigm presents a structural contradiction with China's current civil rights framework and public law governance logic . An analysis of typical personality rights judgments such as the "Ren Jiayu v. Baidu case" and the current doctrinal application of Article 47 of the Personal Information Protection Law reveals that claims related to being forgotten in China's judicial arena are facing multiple normative obstacles: the principle of legality in civil rights creates a closed loop in judicial logic; existing deletion rights norms only apply to illegal actions, failing to address the personality infringement caused by the loss of relevance value of legally published information over time; and a complete transplantation of foreign deletion paradigms would also generate multiple institutional contradictions in terms of freedom of speech protection, digital technology adaptation, and the legitimacy of private entity regulation. This paper abandons the binary debate of "transplantation or rejection," employing functionalist comparative law as its analytical tool to propose a localized normative construction path that replaces deletion with data sealing. It rejects the core of foreign data erasure systems, focusing instead on severing identifiable links and implementing tiered restrictions on queries. It leverages existing public law systems in China for sealing minor offense records and public security violation records to achieve normative integration. Based on this, following a gradual legislative logic, it outlines a tiered institutional construction scheme extending from the criminal public domain to the general digital private domain, complemented by tiered interest balancing benchmarks and tripartite hearing and review procedures. Within the framework of current legal interpretation, it achieves systematic protection of digital personality interests, forming a digital amnesia normative system that differs from the EU's and aligns with the foundation of local rule of law.
Improving the Extraterritorial Application System of China's Trademark Law-From the Perspective of a Comparison between Chinese and American Rules
Against the backdrop of deepening economic globalization and the advancement of foreign-related rule of law, the extraterritorial application of domestic law has become an important legal tool for States to defend their sovereignty and protect intellectual property rights and economic interests. Taking comparative law as its research method, this paper first reviews the legal basis and evolution of rules governing the extraterritorial application of domestic law in the United States, and systematically analyzes the adjudicative standards and operational mechanisms underlying the extraterritorial application of the U.S. Lanham Act. It then examines the overall development trend of the extraterritorial application of China's Trademark Law, clarifying the existing gaps, controversies, and practical shortcomings at the legislative, judicial, and law enforcement levels. By comparing the institutional differences between China and the United States in the extraterritorial application of trademark law across the three dimensions of legislation, law enforcement, and adjudication, and in light of China's objectives of building an IP powerhouse and a strong trading nation as well as the practical demands of improved foreign-related rule of law, this paper draws on the mature practical experience of the United States and proposes optimization schemes at four levels-legislative improvement, law enforcement standardization, judicial guidance, and talent guarantee-with a view to filling the institutional gaps in the extraterritorial application of China's Trademark Law, strengthening China's capacity to protect overseas trademark rights, constructing a systematized set of rules for the extraterritorial application of domestic law, and promoting the coordinated development of foreign-related rule of law in the new era.
Extraterritorial Application of Domestic Law
Research and Application of Seismic Isolation Technology
This paper systematically reviews the development and application status of seismic isolation and damping technologies for building structures. The research indicates that the seismic isolation and damping technologies for building structures have currently entered a mature development stage, and their promotion and application have also received extensive attention. This paper focuses on explaining the commonly used seismic isolation and damping technologies in the field of building structures and their action principles, and conducts an in-depth discussion on damping devices and isolation devices based on different seismic isolation and damping principles. Finally, combining with industry development trends, this paper puts forward several suggestions for the development directions and application prospects of seismic isolation and damping technologies for building structures in the future.
From the Mass Line to "Joint Creation": Theoretical Development and Practical Exploration of Grassroots Governance in China
The proposal and implementation of the concept of "jointly creating a beautiful environment and a happy life" represent a significant and profound transformation in China's grassroots governance model. This paper seeks to establish an interpretive framework spanning history, theory, and practice, elucidating how "joint creation" constitutes a creative inheritance and institutional development of the Party's "mass line" within the governance context of the new era. The article first traces back to Comrade Mao Zedong's On Practice and On Contradiction, outlining the core epistemological and methodological essence of the Mass Line. It then discusses how "Co-Creation" transforms traditional political philosophy into concrete, actionable governance techniques through the "Five Shared" operational system: shared decision-making, shared development, shared management, shared evaluation, and shared benefits. Building on this foundation, the article further indicates that "co-creation" has progressively formed a four-dimensional operational model in practice: "Party leadership-process reengineering-institutional adaptation-technological empowerment." This model helps resolve long-standing challenges such as the fragmentation of bureaucratic systems, the dispersion of governance resources, and insufficient social participation, thereby reshaping the interactive relationship between the state and society in grassroots governance. Finally, the article briefly reflects on tensions and difficulties encountered in practice, explores its contributions to the theory of socialist governance with Chinese characteristics, and discusses its implications for modernizing the national governance system and governance capabilities.
Analysis of the Challenges in Government-Enterprise Collaboration in Emergency Supply Reserve Management During Major Disaster Scenarios
Against the backdrop of global climate anomalies and frequent extreme disasters, government-enterprise joint reserves have become the core approach to strengthening China's emergency material supply system. Under the "comprehensive security and emergency response" governance framework, multiple models-including government physical reserves, corporate contractual storage agreements, and capacity-based flexible reserves-are implemented concurrently. However, during major disasters, collaborative reserve mechanisms often face practical challenges such as supply misalignment, insufficient corporate participation, and unclear delineation of responsibilities. Drawing on multi-stakeholder game theory and principal-agent theory, and analyzing typical major disaster cases like floods and heavy rainfall, this paper systematically examines the operational challenges of government-enterprise joint reserves across five dimensions: interest alignment, information communication, incentive mechanisms, management systems, and emergency coordination. It analyzes the underlying causes of these difficulties and provides theoretical foundations and practical guidance for designing sustainable incentive mechanisms and optimizing collaborative reserve strategies.
Nowledge Map Analysis of Travel-Based Elderly Care Research Using CiteSpace: Evolutionary Trajectories, Hot Topics, and Emerging Trends
Focusing on travel-based elderly care in China’s ethnic minority regions, this paper systematically reveals the research hotspots and evolving trends over the past decade by performing a bibliometric analysis and using CiteSpace to visualize 239 valid articles from the CNKI database.The volume of publications exhibits a three-stage pattern initial emergence and dormancy, rapid expansion, and qualitative improvement and is significantly driven by the rural revitalization strategy, the needs of an aging population, and policies promoting the integration of culture and tourism. The core research hotspots center on “travel-based elderly care,” forming eight thematic clusters and five dimensions. The timezone map reveals that the research has gradually evolved from an early stage of “model exploration and age-friendly spatial design” to a multidimensional framework characterized by “policy-driven + model innovation + technology-enabled” approaches. Although current research has progressed in policy coordination and industrial integration, challenges remain, including product homogenization, one-way cultural interaction, and suboptimal community participation mechanisms. Future research should further explore the spiritual and cultural values of ethnic groups, promote the localized application of IoT and big data technologies, and facilitate the transformation of travel‑based elderly care in ethnic regions toward a model characterized by “localization, smart solutions, and collaboration.” This will provide theoretical and practical support for rural revitalization and the high‑quality development of elderly care services.
Study of Social Alienation on Digital Platforms from the Perspective of Marx’s Theory of Communication
The rise of digital platforms has profoundly transformed the spatial structure, media forms, and organizational patterns of human interaction. On the one hand, it has broken through the constraints of time and space, expanding the possibilities for social members to express themselves, connect, and collaborate; on the other hand, under the combined influence of the logic of capital, algorithmic power, and data ownership, it has given rise to new forms of alienation in social activities. Marx’s theory of communication, taking real human beings and their social relations as its starting point, reveals the intrinsic connections between communication and production, between forms of communication and social relations, and between the freedom of the subject and alienated domination. It thus provides a crucial theoretical framework for analyzing social alienation on digital platforms. Social alienation on digital platforms is not merely a side effect of technology, but rather the result of platform capital organizing, extracting, and monetizing attention, data, and emotional relationships. This alienation manifests primarily in the digitization of communicative subjects, the quantification of social relationships, the spectacle-ization of social content, the fragmentation of social time, and the stratification of public social spaces. To address social alienation on digital platforms, it is necessary to uphold a people-centered value stance and foster a concerted effort across platform governance, algorithmic regulation, data rights protection, digital literacy cultivation, and the reconstruction of real-world communities. This will drive digital communication away from the logic of capital accumulation and back toward the free and comprehensive development of human beings.
A Concise Review of Fresh E-Commerce Supply Chains: Pricing Coordination and Live-Streaming Commerce
Fresh e-commerce has become an important channel for the circulation of fresh agricultural products, supported by digital platforms, mobile consumption, and the development of cold-chain logistics. Because fresh products are perishable, non-standardized, and sensitive to time and temperature, fresh e-commerce supply chains face persistent challenges related to pricing, freshness preservation, logistics costs, product quality, and consumer trust. This review synthesizes recent studies on two main research streams: pricing and coordination strategies in fresh e-commerce supply chains, and live-streaming e-commerce for fresh agricultural products. Existing research shows that freshness-keeping efficiency, information sharing, return policies, government subsidies, and cost-sharing contracts significantly affect supply chain performance. In live-streaming contexts, product quality, perceived value, interaction, platform reputation, and seller credibility shape consumer purchase intention. Future studies should develop dynamic decision models, strengthen research on supply chain resilience, improve trust and quality-governance mechanisms, and examine the integration of artificial intelligence, Internet of Things technologies, blockchain, and supply chain finance.
Construction of the Working Class Image in the Early Years of the People’s Republic of China: A Study based on People’s Daily (1949–1956)
In the early period of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, in response to the Party’s strategic shift in work focus, the need to consolidate the leading position of the working class, and the stigmatization of the working class in international public opinion, People’s Daily systematically constructed a multi-dimensional representation of the working class through structured news reporting. From three interrelated dimensions-its class foundation, its role in national leadership, and its international responsibility-the working class was represented as “the solid class foundation of the Party,” “the leading force in national construction,” and “the vanguard of the international proletariat.”This process of image construction not only promoted the social dissemination of mainstream ideology and strengthened the working class’s status as the masters of the country, but also effectively stimulated its enthusiasm for production. It provided important support for social integration and national construction in the early years of the PRC, and accumulated valuable experience for the construction of the working class image in contemporary Party newspapers.
Exploring the Boundaries of the Necessity Principle in the Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China
This paper focuses on the necessity principle in the Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the PIPL), conducting a detailed analysis of its connotation, applicable scenarios and boundaries. Through research on relevant domestic and foreign legislation and practices, combined with specific case studies, it discusses the key role of the necessity principle in balancing personal information protection and rational utilization. The paper clarifies the application standards of the necessity principle in different situations, provides more precise guidance for the legal practice of personal information protection, and promotes the healthy development of the digital economy and the effective protection of personal information rights and interests.
Research on Judicial Application of the Crime of Collecting Illegal Debts
The Crime of Collecting Illegal Debts, introduced by the Criminal Law Amendment (XI), is not only theoretically reasonable but also meets the practical demands of current judicial practice. However, due to the short time since this crime came into effect, the lack of revised supporting judicial interpretations, and the relatively vague wording of the provisions, various controversial issues inevitably arise during judicial application. Specifically, the criteria for identifying illegal debts remain unclear, the methods of debt collection are inconsistently determined in judicial practice, and the crime overlaps in its constituent elements with related offenses, further exacerbating the ambiguity and controversy in its application."
Supply Chain Management: Research Progress, Core Challenges and Future Research Directions
Against the background of economic globalization and rapid advances in information technology, supply chain management has become a critical strategic approach for firms seeking to enhance competitiveness and achieve sustainable development. By integrating suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and end customers, supply chain management aims to coordinate logistics, information flows, and capital flows in order to reduce costs, improve responsiveness, and better meet customer demand. Based on a review of relevant studies, this paper examines the conceptual evolution of supply chain management, its key operational domains, major challenges, and emerging development trends. The review indicates that inventory control, supplier management, logistics optimization, and information sharing remain central to supply chain performance, while e-commerce, green supply chain management, and digital transformation are reshaping supply chain practices. At the same time, enterprises continue to face challenges related to risk prevention, cost control, demand uncertainty, and market competition. Future research should further investigate the deep integration of emerging digital technologies, cross-industry collaboration mechanisms, and global supply chain resilience.
Pragmatic Strategies and Ethical Connotations of Public Opinion Discourse: A Case Study of the ' Factory Internship ' Event in a University in Guangxi
This study takes the public opinion event of " sending students into factories to screw " in a university in Guangxi as a case, and selects 1200 valid online comments on Douyin platform as corpus to explore the pragmatic strategies and ethical connotations of online comments in the context of public opinion crisis. The study found that : in terms of perspective, self-perspective accounts for the highest proportion, and the rationality of appeals is strengthened through first-person narration. The conventional sentence structure is mainly based on the action and event sentence structure, highlighting the attribution of responsibility and the statement of facts. The types of discourse cover many types, and the main types are questioning and condemning discourse. Behind these pragmatic strategies, there are three connotations : the maintenance of rights ethics, the practice of supervision ethics and the adherence to educational ethics. It not only reflects the public 's ethical expectations for educational equity and students ' rights and interests, but also shows the construction and game process of ethical order in the network public opinion field. This study enriches the pragmatic research of educational public opinion discourse, and provides strategic reference and practical enlightenment for public opinion management and crisis communication in colleges and universities.
Decoupling Efforts and Stability of Carbon Emissions in the Logistics Industry: A Literature Review based on the Yangtze River Economic Belt
The logistics industry is an important support system for regional production, circulation and consumption, but it is also a major source of energy use and carbon emissions. Under China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, the relationship between logistics growth and carbon emissions has become a key topic in regional green development research. This paper reviews studies on logistics carbon accounting, carbon-emission drivers, decoupling models, decoupling efforts and decoupling stability, with special attention to evidence from the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The literature shows that existing research has formed a relatively mature methodological basis, including IPCC accounting, LMDI decomposition and the Tapio elasticity model. However, many studies still focus mainly on identifying decoupling states, while the quality of decoupling, the actual emission-reduction efforts behind decoupling, and the long-term stability of decoupling have not been fully examined. Future research should build an integrated framework that combines carbon accounting, driver decomposition, decoupling-state identification, decoupling-effort evaluation and stability testing. Such a framework can help distinguish real low-carbon transformation from short-term statistical decoupling and provide more practical policy implications for the green transition of logistics in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
Research on the Reconstruction and Enhancement Path of the Vitality Evaluation System of Traditional Villages from the Perspective of Multi-dimensional Coordination
As important carriers of China's agricultural civilization and living cultural heritage, traditional villages are facing a multidimensional "deactivation" crisis under the impact of rapid urbanization and modernization. Scientifically measuring the vitality of traditional villages and exploring their classified enhancement paths are key to achieving comprehensive rural revitalization and the sustainable development of cultural heritage. This paper systematically reviews the conceptual connotation of traditional village vitality and the evolutionary logic of existing evaluation dimensions, pointing out that the traditional ternary evaluation model centered on "population, material, and intangible heritage" has limitations in responding to the digital era and modern governance needs. On this basis, this paper innovatively proposes the theoretical logic for reconstructing the vitality evaluation system of traditional villages, demonstrating the necessity of introducing "policy guidance" as an external guarantee dimension and "information technology" as an empowerment dimension. Combining the differentiated characteristics and common mechanisms of multidimensional deactivation in traditional villages across various regions in China (such as Xiangxi in Hunan, Beijing, and Longzhong in Gansu), this paper further introduces the concept of settlement "double repair", and proposes a multi-dimensional coordinated activation path based on classified policies. This aims to provide theoretical support and decision-making reference for traditional villages to transition from "static preservation" to "dynamic activation" in the new era.
Critique of the "Feuerbachianization of Marxism" and Its Contemporary Value
In the development and dissemination of Marxism, the so-called "Feuerbachianization of Marxism" refers to a theoretical fallacy wherein bourgeois scholars distort Marxist theories by resorting to Feuerbach’s abstract humanism and intuitive materialism, which essentially abandons the category of practice and deprives Marxism of its revolutionary and scientific attributes. Such erroneous interpretation originates from bourgeois ideological prejudices as well as misreadings of the theoretical relationship between Marx and Feuerbach. From the perspective of practical philosophy, comprehensive theoretical refutation can be realized through reconstructing the core status of practice, restoring the realistic essence of human beings, expanding the historical dimension of alienation critique, and renovating the practical mission of philosophy. Practically, this critical campaign helps uphold Marxism’s inherent critical spirit via dialectical negation, embed Marxist anthropology into the practice of Chinese-style modernization by adhering to practical logic, and provide theoretical guidelines for advancing human modernization and implementing the people-centered developmental philosophy on the basis of realistic human essence, hence demonstrating the scientific nature and vigorous practical vitality of Marxism.
Market Management Strategies and Practical Application in Modern Commercial Operation
Market management directly determines the operational effectiveness and long-term competitiveness of modern enterprises. In the context of increasingly fierce market competition, this article refers to the public information and authoritative research reports of the State Administration for Market Regulation, selects the business cases of physical enterprises in different industries such as Mixue Ice Cream & Tea and Hisense Visual Technology, and analyzes their actual market operations. Based on the industry research results of McKinsey in 2025, five core implementation dimensions of market management under modern business systems can be summarized: data-driven research, differentiated positioning, omnichannel marketing, digital innovation, and risk management. From the perspective of practical application effects, the standardized establishment of a market management system by enterprises can effectively achieve a marketing ROI increase of over 40% and an increase of 18% in inventory turnover efficiency. This study can provide a reference for enterprises to improve their market operation system, adapt to stock competition, and help similar enterprises optimize their operation models, helping enterprises achieve long-term stable development.
Dual-Channel Agricultural Product Supply Chains: Coordination Mechanisms, Pricing Strategies, and Sustainable Practices
Dual-channel supply chains have become an important research topic in modern supply chain management. By integrating traditional retail channels with e-commerce channels, this supply chain structure enables firms to coordinate online and offline operations, optimize resource allocation, reduce operating costs, and respond to heterogeneous consumer demand. Based on the existing literature, this paper reviews dual-channel supply chain research from the perspectives of basic concepts, current research topics, research progress, and future trends. The review shows that substantial progress has been made in channel coordination, pricing strategies, cross-channel services, and low-carbon supply chain management. In particular, revenue-sharing contracts and cost-sharing mechanisms can alleviate channel conflict, cross-channel service design can improve supply chain efficiency, and low-carbon policies can promote sustainable supply chain development. However, several issues remain insufficiently addressed, including dynamic changes in consumer behavior, supply chain resilience, and the application of intelligent technologies. Future research should further explore intelligent optimization methods under multi-channel collaboration, green supply chain strategies in low-carbon contexts, and long-term models of consumer behavior, thereby providing stronger theoretical and practical support for dual-channel supply chain management.
A Review of Research on the Digital Divide between Urban and Rural Areas in China
In the era of the digital economy, the urban–rural digital divide-which stems from the urban–rural dichotomy-has become a key obstacle hindering the advancement of Digital China, rural revitalisation and common prosperity. Existing literature has conducted extensive empirical and theoretical research on the logic behind the formation of the urban–rural digital divide, its multidimensional impacts and governance pathways. Drawing on 10 key academic papers, this paper systematically reviews existing research across four dimensions: conceptual framework, influencing factors, positive and negative effects, and governance pathways. Firstly, it clarifies the historical evolution of the urban–rural digital divide through three progressive stages-access, usage and outcomes-and identifies five core driving factors: economic conditions, demographics, infrastructure, policy and digital literacy; secondly, it analyses the negative dampening effects of the digital divide on widening urban-rural disparities in income, consumption and industry, whilst also examining mitigation mechanisms such as digital village pilot schemes and government digital governance; it then integrates diverse bridging pathways, including hardware infrastructure, digital literacy development, resource decentralisation and intergenerational support; Finally, this paper highlights the limitations of existing research, including insufficient attention to regional heterogeneity, a lack of detailed analysis of the intergenerational digital divide, and the absence of a unified quantitative measurement system. It proposes that future research should strengthen empirical studies by sub-group and region, and expand research on governance mechanisms from the perspective of ‘new-quality productive forces’, thereby providing a theoretical framework for coordinating the balanced digital development of urban and rural areas.
The Nature and Application of Directors’ Liability to Third Parties under a Regime of Limited Enhanced Director Liability
Japan’s Commercial Code first introduced a provision on directors’ liability to third parties in 1899. In 1969, the Grand Bench of the Supreme Court of Japan adopted the statutory liability theory, encompassing both direct and indirect loss, and thereby established what later became the prevailing view. After more than a century of case-law development, the expansion of directors’ duties owed to the company has also expanded directors’ liability to third parties, producing uncertainty concerning the boundaries of liability and the legal basis for attribution. In recent years, Japanese scholars have re-examined the statutory liability theory and criticized its tendency to substitute appeals to social justice for a coherent theoretical foundation. By examining Japanese legislative history and recent case law, this article argues that the scope of liability under Article 191 of China’s Company Law should be clearly delimited. Article 191 is not a general rule governing every breach of directors’ duties owed to the company; rather, it is a special supplement to Article 1191 of the Civil Code, designed to strengthen remedies available to third parties. The liability contemplated by Article 191 should be confined to compensatory liability that can be characterized as tort liability. Liabilities serving special policy purposes, such as liability for securities misrepresentation, delayed bankruptcy filing, or breach of capital maintenance obligations, should be separately provided by the Company Law, the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, the Securities Law, or other special statutes, and should not be generally expanded through Article 191.
From Pan-Slavic Solidarity to Democratic Statehood: Masaryk’s Progressive Pan-Slavism and Czechoslovak Nation-Building
This article examines the evolution of Pan-Slavist thought in the Czech lands and its implications for Czechoslovak nation-building from the nineteenth century to the end of the First World War. It argues that Pan-Slavism should not be understood as a unitary ideological tradition, but rather as a contested intellectual field that generated competing political narratives regarding Czech national development. The article identifies two principal strands of traditional Pan-Slavism: Russophile Pan-Slavism, which envisioned Slavic unity under Russian leadership, and Austro-Slavism, which advocated Slavic autonomy through federal reform within the Habsburg imperial framework. Although these two traditions differed in their geopolitical orientation and institutional prescriptions, both emphasized political order, social stability, and gradual reform. The article further argues that Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk developed a distinctive form of progressive Pan-Slavism that departed from both Russophile and Austro-Slavist projects. Rejecting political dependence on Russia and increasingly abandoning the prospect of federal reform within Austria-Hungary, Masaryk linked Czech national self-determination to liberal democracy, humanitarianism, and moral renewal. His critique of revolutionary violence, informed by concerns comparable to Burkean reflections on radical political rupture, positioned non-violent reform, rational political action, and ethical transformation as the legitimate foundations of nation-building. By reframing the Czech question as part of a broader international struggle for democracy and humanitarian values, Masaryk provided an intellectual justification for the establishment of Czechoslovakia as an independent democratic state in 1918. The article thus demonstrates that Masaryk’s progressive Pan-Slavism represented a critical transformation of Slavic solidarity from an ethnocultural or imperial framework into a democratic project of national self-determination.