Discussion on Tobacco Control Effectiveness and Regional Coordination Path from the Perspective of Policy Implementation Gap

Abstract

Tobacco control is an important issue in the field of public health in China. Since the signing of the who Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2003, a multi-dimensional policy system of "legal regulation + economic regulation + publicity and education" has been formed, which has achieved phased results in reducing the total amount of tobacco consumption and controlling the smoking rate of adolescents. However, from the perspective of policy implementation gap, there are significant differences in the effectiveness of tobacco control among regions, which has become a key bottleneck restricting the realization of the goal of "Healthy China 2030" tobacco control. By using the methods of literature study, data analysis and comparative study, combined with authoritative data such as China Health Statistics Yearbook (2023) and China Report on Global Adult Tobacco Survey (2022), this paper systematically combs the current situation of tobacco control policy implementation in China, analyses the manifestations and causes of the gap in policy implementation, and compares the eastern, central and western regions and urban and rural areas. And explore the path of regional coordination. The results show that in 2022, the adult smoking rate in the eastern region is 6.7 percentage points lower than that in the central and western regions, and the exposure rate of second-hand smoke in indoor public places is 24 percentage points lower than that in the central and western regions. The implementation gap is mainly due to the lack of institutional cohesion, uneven distribution of resources and differences in public awareness. The implementation gap can be effectively narrowed by building a cross-regional coordination mechanism, promoting the balanced allocation of resources and implementing differentiated strategies. This study provides a practical reference for improving the implementation system of tobacco control policy and promoting regional coordination of tobacco control in China, which has both public health value and policy guiding significance.