Research on the Sustainable Development Path from the Dual Perspectives of Policy Regulation and Behavioral Intervention

Abstract

Global sustainable development is facing multiple challenges such as climate change, resource scarcity, and ecological degradation. Traditional governance models that rely solely on policy regulation or individual behavioral intervention are no longer effective in addressing such complex systemic problems. This article takes the collaborative mechanism of "policy rigidity constraint behavior flexibility guidance" as the analysis core, and comprehensively uses literature review, cross theoretical integration, and typical case analysis methods to systematically explore the practical path of sustainable development from a dual perspective. Research has shown that policy regulation needs to rely on legislative improvement, standard setting, and a combination of incentive and constraint tools to construct a sustainable development institutional framework, providing direction guidance and institutional guarantees for behavioral intervention; Behavioral intervention requires cognitive guidance, habit cultivation, and social mobilization to stimulate the participation of individuals, businesses, and social organizations, filling the "last mile" gap in policy implementation. The synergy between the two needs to focus on three dimensions: goal synergy, tool complementarity, and information exchange: policy formulation needs to fully align with the cognitive laws and interests of the actors, avoiding a disconnect between institutional design and practice; Behavioral intervention should be guided by policies to prevent a tendency towards decentralization and fragmentation. By analyzing typical cases such as the EU carbon trading system, China's "Ten Million Project", and Japan's community waste classification intervention, this article extracts a path model of "policy framework behavior details collaborative efficiency improvement", providing theoretical support and practical reference for global sustainable development practice.