Abstract: The gene editing technology mediated by CRISPR-Cas9 has achieved breakthrough development and has great potential for application in the treatment of genetic diseases, optimization of agricultural breeding, and prevention and control of infectious diseases. However, the application of technology is not synchronized with ethical norms, causing multidimensional controversies. The current core ethical dilemmas focus on three aspects: at the technical level, off target risks and chimeric effects are not fully controllable, posing potential threats to the health of receptors; On an ethical level, reproductive cell editing may disrupt the integrity of the human gene pool, which is a core concern of the international scientific community; At the societal level, the high cost of technology leads to an imbalance in resource allocation, giving rise to issues of genetic discrimination and fairness, which have already begun to emerge in high-value gene therapy. The "He Jiankui Incident" in 2018 was a typical public case that exposed the shortcomings of ethical review and regulatory lag, widening the gap between technological development and social acceptance. This article analyzes ethical governance practices at home and abroad through literature research, combined with policy texts and public awareness survey data, to analyze the causes of difficulties and propose solutions from institutional construction, technical standards, and public communication. Research has shown that building a collaborative governance system of "government academia public" is the key to breaking through the impasse; Through transparent information dissemination, participatory decision-making, and regular ethical education, it is possible to effectively alleviate public uncertainty and gradually increase acceptance. This article provides theoretical support for the ethical application of technology and practical reference for the formulation of relevant policies. Read More

Abstract: The Food Safety Law of the People's Republic of China (2025 revision) largely maintains the food recall provisions originally established in its 2015 revision. While these revisions represent a refinement of the food recall system, an examination of its past implementation suggests that inherent design flaws and insufficient supporting measures appear unresolved by this amendment, potentially undermining its practical effectiveness. Persistent deficiencies primarily include outdated and ambiguous food safety standards, the impracticality of relying solely on food enterprises as key stakeholders to fulfill recall obligations, and inadequate transparency in the disclosure of regulatory information. Using the comparative legal method, the author draws on the beneficial experiences of the United States' multi-agency collaborative supervision model and Australia-New Zealand's single-agency-led model to propose targeted recommendations: promoting the updating and international alignment of food safety standards, reinforcing governmental regulatory responsibility, increasing the cost of violations while establishing incentive mechanisms to encourage proactive recalls by enterprises, and enhancing platforms for food traceability and recall information. The ultimate objective is to safeguard the safety of every bite of food. Read More

Abstract: Foundations of Information Security Mathematics is a core foundational course for information security–related majors, covering topics such as number theory, abstract algebra, and elliptic curves, and other essential mathematical topics. Due to its high level of abstraction, intensive use of formal proofs, and substantial mathematical rigor, students often experience significant learning difficulties and lack sustained motivation. In the context of curriculum ideology and politics in higher education, this paper explores an instructional approach that integrates the history of mathematics and mathematicians’ narratives into classroom teaching. Taking Fermat’s Little Theorem and Euler’s Theorem as representative examples, we analyze how historical narratives can enhance student engagement, deepen conceptual understanding, and foster scientific spirit and academic values. Teaching practice indicates that employing the history of mathematics as an entry point for curriculum ideology facilitates the organic integration of professional knowledge transmission and value education, offering a viable reference for instructional reform in mathematics courses for information security programs. Read More

Abstract: Hu Shi's research on Zhuangzi holds a paradigm-shifting significance in the 20th-century history of Zhuangzi studies in China. His research unfolds across four core dimensions: first, excavating and critiquing Zhuangzi's "theory of biological evolution" through the lens of evolutionism; second, assailing Zhuangzi's "broad-minded" (daguanzhuyi)philosophy of life from the standpoint of experimentalism; third, conducting a comparative analysis between Zhuangzi and Spinoza to explore Sino-Western parallels; and fourth, creatively transforming the Lao-Zhuang concept of "non-action" (wuwei) into a modern liberal idea for limiting government power and safeguarding freedom, advocating a practical model of "expert planning, government non-action." This body of research profoundly reflects Hu Shi's "interpreting China through the West" methodology and the intertwining of Enlightenment concerns and pragmatic orientations in his thought. While his work paved the way for the modern transformation of traditional scholarship, its limitations, such as the tendency to analogize with Western learning and serve immediate practical concerns, also provide an important cautionary lesson for later generations. Read More

Abstract: The deepening development of the digital economy has endowed critical data with significant infrastructural properties. However, the "walled gardens" constructed by dominant platforms through "data feedback loops" have increasingly become structural barriers to fair market competition. Against the backdrop of China's "Data Twenty Measures," which established the separation of data property rights, and the amendment of the Anti-Monopoly Law, the mechanical application of the traditional Essential Facilities Doctrine (EFD) faces dilemmas regarding innovation suppression and ambiguity in definition. This paper constructs a regulatory paradigm of "mandatory sharing," predicated on the logic of opening data as a "quasi-public facility." By introducing a tripartite criterion consisting of "ecological non-substitutability," "public necessity," and "technical interoperability," this study reconstructs the constituent elements of essential data. Furthermore, based on the source of value and competitive attributes, it constructs a classified and hierarchical mechanism where "basic operational data" is subject to mandatory sharing in principle, while "derivative value-added data" is exempted in principle. The research demonstrates that establishing a pricing system based on FRAND principles and a "penetrating" algorithmic supervision mechanism can not only break the monopolistic loop of "data feudalism" but also effectively protect innovation incentives through trade secret defenses. This approach offers a distinct institutional scheme with Chinese characteristics for global digital market governance. Read More

Abstract: In the context of deepening digitalization, older adults face multidimensional social exclusion due to limited access to technology, insufficient institutional adaptation, and cultural barriers. This exclusion is manifested in a chain logic of “inaccessible entry, unattainable processes, and lack of agency in outcomes.” It not only exacerbates the digital divide but also directly restricts opportunities and channels for social participation. Anchored in Social Exclusion Theory and supplemented by Digital Divide and Social Participation Theory, this study systematically analyzes the underlying causes of older adults’ digital dilemmas and their impact on social participation, illustrated through scenario-based cases. On this basis, the study proposes a Social Participation Mechanism composed of technological empowerment, institutional protection mechanism, social support, capacity building, and multi-actor collaborative governance. This mechanism seeks to reverse the logic of “exclusion–restriction–disengagement”and promote sustained, effective, and dignified inclusion of older adults in the digital society. The findings not only enrich the application of Social Exclusion Theory in digital contexts but also provide actionable pathways for digital governance and aging-related social policies. Read More

Abstract: With the aging population, the expansion of the solitary population, and the advancement of the digital society, intelligent companionship devices have shifted from single function devices to diversified service carriers. Virtual communities have become an important space to meet social needs and obtain emotional support. The integration of the two is not only an inevitable technological iteration, but also a key measure to respond to the upgrading of social service needs. This article combines the current status of technological development with practical demands, using literature research, logical analysis, and interdisciplinary perspectives to systematically explore the integration foundation, practical bottlenecks, technological support, scenario innovation, and guarantee mechanisms of the two. Research has found that integration requires technological interconnectivity as a prerequisite, scenario requirements as guidance, and security as the bottom line. By building unified technical standards, innovating service scenarios, and improving governance systems, it can achieve collaborative empowerment of "hardware terminals+digital communities". The research conclusion provides theoretical reference for the upgrading of the intelligent companionship industry and the expansion of virtual community functions, as well as practical paths for improving the accuracy and inclusiveness of digital social services. Read More

Abstract: To address the problems of excessive liability exposure and overbroad attribution of liability faced by accounting firms under China’s registration-based IPO regime, this article proposes a doctrinal reconstruction of the current civil liability framework for securities audits, grounded in the principle of proportionality between fault and liability. The audit expectation gap and the regulatory–judicial disconnect have distorted the obligation of “reasonable assurance” into a de facto “guarantee of results,” thereby giving rise to a solvency-driven deep pocket effect. This article argues for moving beyond narrow legislative debates and establishing a tiered liability system. First, it proposes clarifying the degrees of fault through an expert assistant mechanism. Second, it calls for a differentiated allocation of liability forms: full joint and several liability for intentional misconduct, proportionate joint and several liability for gross negligence, and supplementary liability for ordinary negligence. Concurrently, a judicial discretion model incorporating factors such as causative potency and the balance of risk and reward should be established to achieve a dynamic equilibrium between investor protection and the development of the auditing industry. Read More

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of female mortality worldwide, and risk rises sharply during the perimenopausal transition as circulating estrogen declines. This review synthesizes macro-to-micro physiological mechanisms linking estrogen loss to vascular and cardiac dysfunction, including adverse shifts in blood pressure and lipid profiles, increased arterial stiffness, endothelial nitric oxide (NO) impairment, heightened oxidative stress with mitochondrial dysfunction, pro-fibrotic remodeling, and reduced angiogenic repair capacity. We further discuss how differential signaling through ERα, ERβ, and G protein–coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) contributes to heterogeneous cardioprotective effects across individuals and clinical phenotypes. Current intervention strategies are evaluated, emphasizing additive benefits of lifestyle modification and guideline-directed pharmacotherapies (e.g., statins and antihypertensives) for risk reduction. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) remains controversial; evidence supports a timing-dependent “critical window” in which early initiation near menopause may confer vascular benefit, whereas late initiation offers limited protection and may increase thrombotic or cerebrovascular risk depending on formulation and route. Finally, we highlight emerging biomedical engineering approaches-particularly AI-enabled risk stratification using electronic health records, wearable data, and imaging biomarkers-as promising tools to enable earlier detection and personalized prevention for perimenopausal women. Read More