Abstract: This study employs corpus-assisted discourse analysis to examine how China’s digital trade opening-up is reported by one Chinese and three major Western English-language newspapers from 2023 to 2025. Taking Sinclair's five types of co-selection theory as the core framework, the findings show that while Chinese and Western media share a basic consensus in recognizing digital trade as a key arena of global competition, their discursive constructions differ markedly. This paper contributes to digital trade discourse studies by systematically mapping these contrasting media narratives, thereby enhancing understanding of China’s digital governance in global contexts. Read More

Abstract: Against the strategic backdrop of the “dual carbon” goal and ecological civilization construction, China's “Zero-Waste City” pilot policy represents a key institutional innovation for advancing solid waste reduction and recycling. This paper empirically examines its microeconomic effects on corporate green innovation by adopting a difference-in-differences (DID) approach, with Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed firms from 2015 to 2021 as the sample.The results show that the policy significantly boosts green innovation among enterprises in pilot cities, and this conclusion holds after robustness checks. Mechanism analysis reveals that R&D personnel input plays a partial mediating role, while public environmental concern has no significant mediating effect. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the policy-driven green innovation effect is concentrated in eastern-region and large-scale enterprises, rather than central-western and small- and medium-sized enterprises.This study enriches research on the microeconomic impacts of environmental regulation and provides empirical support for the nationwide implementation and optimization of the “Zero-Waste City” policy. Read More

Abstract: Cold chain logistics for agricultural products plays an essential role in modern agricultural circulation, food quality assurance, and supply chain management. With the expansion of e-commerce and the increasing demand for fresh, safe, and diversified agricultural products, cold chain logistics has become a key mechanism for reducing post-harvest losses, improving product quality, and enhancing farmers’ income. This paper reviews existing studies on agricultural cold chain logistics from three perspectives: dual-channel supply chains for fresh agricultural products, quality control and contract coordination in agricultural supply chains, and the current development of cold chain logistics. The review shows that previous studies have made important contributions to channel coordination, freshness preservation decisions, product quality control, source allocation, and third-party logistics participation. However, several limitations remain, including simplified behavioral assumptions, insufficient consideration of real market uncertainty, and limited research on technological innovation and multi-channel integration. Future studies should further integrate digital technologies, cold chain monitoring systems, and realistic behavioral mechanisms to improve the explanatory power and practical applicability of agricultural cold chain logistics research. Read More

Abstract: This article examines the evolution of Pan-Slavist thought in the Czech lands and its implications for Czechoslovak nation-building from the nineteenth century to the end of the First World War. It argues that Pan-Slavism should not be understood as a unitary ideological tradition, but rather as a contested intellectual field that generated competing political narratives regarding Czech national development. The article identifies two principal strands of traditional Pan-Slavism: Russophile Pan-Slavism, which envisioned Slavic unity under Russian leadership, and Austro-Slavism, which advocated Slavic autonomy through federal reform within the Habsburg imperial framework. Although these two traditions differed in their geopolitical orientation and institutional prescriptions, both emphasized political order, social stability, and gradual reform. The article further argues that Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk developed a distinctive form of progressive Pan-Slavism that departed from both Russophile and Austro-Slavist projects. Rejecting political dependence on Russia and increasingly abandoning the prospect of federal reform within Austria-Hungary, Masaryk linked Czech national self-determination to liberal democracy, humanitarianism, and moral renewal. His critique of revolutionary violence, informed by concerns comparable to Burkean reflections on radical political rupture, positioned non-violent reform, rational political action, and ethical transformation as the legitimate foundations of nation-building. By reframing the Czech question as part of a broader international struggle for democracy and humanitarian values, Masaryk provided an intellectual justification for the establishment of Czechoslovakia as an independent democratic state in 1918. The article thus demonstrates that Masaryk’s progressive Pan-Slavism represented a critical transformation of Slavic solidarity from an ethnocultural or imperial framework into a democratic project of national self-determination. Read More

Abstract: Japan’s Commercial Code first introduced a provision on directors’ liability to third parties in 1899. In 1969, the Grand Bench of the Supreme Court of Japan adopted the statutory liability theory, encompassing both direct and indirect loss, and thereby established what later became the prevailing view. After more than a century of case-law development, the expansion of directors’ duties owed to the company has also expanded directors’ liability to third parties, producing uncertainty concerning the boundaries of liability and the legal basis for attribution. In recent years, Japanese scholars have re-examined the statutory liability theory and criticized its tendency to substitute appeals to social justice for a coherent theoretical foundation. By examining Japanese legislative history and recent case law, this article argues that the scope of liability under Article 191 of China’s Company Law should be clearly delimited. Article 191 is not a general rule governing every breach of directors’ duties owed to the company; rather, it is a special supplement to Article 1191 of the Civil Code, designed to strengthen remedies available to third parties. The liability contemplated by Article 191 should be confined to compensatory liability that can be characterized as tort liability. Liabilities serving special policy purposes, such as liability for securities misrepresentation, delayed bankruptcy filing, or breach of capital maintenance obligations, should be separately provided by the Company Law, the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, the Securities Law, or other special statutes, and should not be generally expanded through Article 191. Read More

Abstract: In the era of the digital economy, the urban–rural digital divide-which stems from the urban–rural dichotomy-has become a key obstacle hindering the advancement of Digital China, rural revitalisation and common prosperity. Existing literature has conducted extensive empirical and theoretical research on the logic behind the formation of the urban–rural digital divide, its multidimensional impacts and governance pathways. Drawing on 10 key academic papers, this paper systematically reviews existing research across four dimensions: conceptual framework, influencing factors, positive and negative effects, and governance pathways. Firstly, it clarifies the historical evolution of the urban–rural digital divide through three progressive stages-access, usage and outcomes-and identifies five core driving factors: economic conditions, demographics, infrastructure, policy and digital literacy; secondly, it analyses the negative dampening effects of the digital divide on widening urban-rural disparities in income, consumption and industry, whilst also examining mitigation mechanisms such as digital village pilot schemes and government digital governance; it then integrates diverse bridging pathways, including hardware infrastructure, digital literacy development, resource decentralisation and intergenerational support; Finally, this paper highlights the limitations of existing research, including insufficient attention to regional heterogeneity, a lack of detailed analysis of the intergenerational digital divide, and the absence of a unified quantitative measurement system. It proposes that future research should strengthen empirical studies by sub-group and region, and expand research on governance mechanisms from the perspective of ‘new-quality productive forces’, thereby providing a theoretical framework for coordinating the balanced digital development of urban and rural areas. Read More

Abstract: Dual-channel supply chains have become an important research topic in modern supply chain management. By integrating traditional retail channels with e-commerce channels, this supply chain structure enables firms to coordinate online and offline operations, optimize resource allocation, reduce operating costs, and respond to heterogeneous consumer demand. Based on the existing literature, this paper reviews dual-channel supply chain research from the perspectives of basic concepts, current research topics, research progress, and future trends. The review shows that substantial progress has been made in channel coordination, pricing strategies, cross-channel services, and low-carbon supply chain management. In particular, revenue-sharing contracts and cost-sharing mechanisms can alleviate channel conflict, cross-channel service design can improve supply chain efficiency, and low-carbon policies can promote sustainable supply chain development. However, several issues remain insufficiently addressed, including dynamic changes in consumer behavior, supply chain resilience, and the application of intelligent technologies. Future research should further explore intelligent optimization methods under multi-channel collaboration, green supply chain strategies in low-carbon contexts, and long-term models of consumer behavior, thereby providing stronger theoretical and practical support for dual-channel supply chain management. Read More

Abstract: Market management directly determines the operational effectiveness and long-term competitiveness of modern enterprises. In the context of increasingly fierce market competition, this article refers to the public information and authoritative research reports of the State Administration for Market Regulation, selects the business cases of physical enterprises in different industries such as Mixue Ice Cream & Tea and Hisense Visual Technology, and analyzes their actual market operations. Based on the industry research results of McKinsey in 2025, five core implementation dimensions of market management under modern business systems can be summarized: data-driven research, differentiated positioning, omnichannel marketing, digital innovation, and risk management. From the perspective of practical application effects, the standardized establishment of a market management system by enterprises can effectively achieve a marketing ROI increase of over 40% and an increase of 18% in inventory turnover efficiency. This study can provide a reference for enterprises to improve their market operation system, adapt to stock competition, and help similar enterprises optimize their operation models, helping enterprises achieve long-term stable development. Read More

Abstract: In the development and dissemination of Marxism, the so-called "Feuerbachianization of Marxism" refers to a theoretical fallacy wherein bourgeois scholars distort Marxist theories by resorting to Feuerbach’s abstract humanism and intuitive materialism, which essentially abandons the category of practice and deprives Marxism of its revolutionary and scientific attributes. Such erroneous interpretation originates from bourgeois ideological prejudices as well as misreadings of the theoretical relationship between Marx and Feuerbach. From the perspective of practical philosophy, comprehensive theoretical refutation can be realized through reconstructing the core status of practice, restoring the realistic essence of human beings, expanding the historical dimension of alienation critique, and renovating the practical mission of philosophy. Practically, this critical campaign helps uphold Marxism’s inherent critical spirit via dialectical negation, embed Marxist anthropology into the practice of Chinese-style modernization by adhering to practical logic, and provide theoretical guidelines for advancing human modernization and implementing the people-centered developmental philosophy on the basis of realistic human essence, hence demonstrating the scientific nature and vigorous practical vitality of Marxism. Read More

Abstract: As important carriers of China's agricultural civilization and living cultural heritage, traditional villages are facing a multidimensional "deactivation" crisis under the impact of rapid urbanization and modernization. Scientifically measuring the vitality of traditional villages and exploring their classified enhancement paths are key to achieving comprehensive rural revitalization and the sustainable development of cultural heritage. This paper systematically reviews the conceptual connotation of traditional village vitality and the evolutionary logic of existing evaluation dimensions, pointing out that the traditional ternary evaluation model centered on "population, material, and intangible heritage" has limitations in responding to the digital era and modern governance needs. On this basis, this paper innovatively proposes the theoretical logic for reconstructing the vitality evaluation system of traditional villages, demonstrating the necessity of introducing "policy guidance" as an external guarantee dimension and "information technology" as an empowerment dimension. Combining the differentiated characteristics and common mechanisms of multidimensional deactivation in traditional villages across various regions in China (such as Xiangxi in Hunan, Beijing, and Longzhong in Gansu), this paper further introduces the concept of settlement "double repair", and proposes a multi-dimensional coordinated activation path based on classified policies. This aims to provide theoretical support and decision-making reference for traditional villages to transition from "static preservation" to "dynamic activation" in the new era. Read More

Abstract: The logistics industry is an important support system for regional production, circulation and consumption, but it is also a major source of energy use and carbon emissions. Under China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, the relationship between logistics growth and carbon emissions has become a key topic in regional green development research. This paper reviews studies on logistics carbon accounting, carbon-emission drivers, decoupling models, decoupling efforts and decoupling stability, with special attention to evidence from the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The literature shows that existing research has formed a relatively mature methodological basis, including IPCC accounting, LMDI decomposition and the Tapio elasticity model. However, many studies still focus mainly on identifying decoupling states, while the quality of decoupling, the actual emission-reduction efforts behind decoupling, and the long-term stability of decoupling have not been fully examined. Future research should build an integrated framework that combines carbon accounting, driver decomposition, decoupling-state identification, decoupling-effort evaluation and stability testing. Such a framework can help distinguish real low-carbon transformation from short-term statistical decoupling and provide more practical policy implications for the green transition of logistics in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Read More

Abstract: This study takes the public opinion event of " sending students into factories to screw " in a university in Guangxi as a case, and selects 1200 valid online comments on Douyin platform as corpus to explore the pragmatic strategies and ethical connotations of online comments in the context of public opinion crisis. The study found that : in terms of perspective, self-perspective accounts for the highest proportion, and the rationality of appeals is strengthened through first-person narration. The conventional sentence structure is mainly based on the action and event sentence structure, highlighting the attribution of responsibility and the statement of facts. The types of discourse cover many types, and the main types are questioning and condemning discourse. Behind these pragmatic strategies, there are three connotations : the maintenance of rights ethics, the practice of supervision ethics and the adherence to educational ethics. It not only reflects the public 's ethical expectations for educational equity and students ' rights and interests, but also shows the construction and game process of ethical order in the network public opinion field. This study enriches the pragmatic research of educational public opinion discourse, and provides strategic reference and practical enlightenment for public opinion management and crisis communication in colleges and universities. Read More

Abstract: Against the background of economic globalization and rapid advances in information technology, supply chain management has become a critical strategic approach for firms seeking to enhance competitiveness and achieve sustainable development. By integrating suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and end customers, supply chain management aims to coordinate logistics, information flows, and capital flows in order to reduce costs, improve responsiveness, and better meet customer demand. Based on a review of relevant studies, this paper examines the conceptual evolution of supply chain management, its key operational domains, major challenges, and emerging development trends. The review indicates that inventory control, supplier management, logistics optimization, and information sharing remain central to supply chain performance, while e-commerce, green supply chain management, and digital transformation are reshaping supply chain practices. At the same time, enterprises continue to face challenges related to risk prevention, cost control, demand uncertainty, and market competition. Future research should further investigate the deep integration of emerging digital technologies, cross-industry collaboration mechanisms, and global supply chain resilience. Read More

Abstract: The Crime of Collecting Illegal Debts, introduced by the Criminal Law Amendment (XI), is not only theoretically reasonable but also meets the practical demands of current judicial practice. However, due to the short time since this crime came into effect, the lack of revised supporting judicial interpretations, and the relatively vague wording of the provisions, various controversial issues inevitably arise during judicial application. Specifically, the criteria for identifying illegal debts remain unclear, the methods of debt collection are inconsistently determined in judicial practice, and the crime overlaps in its constituent elements with related offenses, further exacerbating the ambiguity and controversy in its application." Read More

Abstract: This paper focuses on the necessity principle in the Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the PIPL), conducting a detailed analysis of its connotation, applicable scenarios and boundaries. Through research on relevant domestic and foreign legislation and practices, combined with specific case studies, it discusses the key role of the necessity principle in balancing personal information protection and rational utilization. The paper clarifies the application standards of the necessity principle in different situations, provides more precise guidance for the legal practice of personal information protection, and promotes the healthy development of the digital economy and the effective protection of personal information rights and interests. Read More

Abstract: In the early period of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, in response to the Party’s strategic shift in work focus, the need to consolidate the leading position of the working class, and the stigmatization of the working class in international public opinion, People’s Daily systematically constructed a multi-dimensional representation of the working class through structured news reporting. From three interrelated dimensions-its class foundation, its role in national leadership, and its international responsibility-the working class was represented as “the solid class foundation of the Party,” “the leading force in national construction,” and “the vanguard of the international proletariat.”This process of image construction not only promoted the social dissemination of mainstream ideology and strengthened the working class’s status as the masters of the country, but also effectively stimulated its enthusiasm for production. It provided important support for social integration and national construction in the early years of the PRC, and accumulated valuable experience for the construction of the working class image in contemporary Party newspapers. Read More

Abstract: Fresh e-commerce has become an important channel for the circulation of fresh agricultural products, supported by digital platforms, mobile consumption, and the development of cold-chain logistics. Because fresh products are perishable, non-standardized, and sensitive to time and temperature, fresh e-commerce supply chains face persistent challenges related to pricing, freshness preservation, logistics costs, product quality, and consumer trust. This review synthesizes recent studies on two main research streams: pricing and coordination strategies in fresh e-commerce supply chains, and live-streaming e-commerce for fresh agricultural products. Existing research shows that freshness-keeping efficiency, information sharing, return policies, government subsidies, and cost-sharing contracts significantly affect supply chain performance. In live-streaming contexts, product quality, perceived value, interaction, platform reputation, and seller credibility shape consumer purchase intention. Future studies should develop dynamic decision models, strengthen research on supply chain resilience, improve trust and quality-governance mechanisms, and examine the integration of artificial intelligence, Internet of Things technologies, blockchain, and supply chain finance. Read More