Abstract: This article discusses the issue of whether the equity assignee in equity transfer for security enjoys the shareholder qualification within the corporate organization. There are disputes both in the theoretical circle and judicial practice regarding the shareholder status of the equity assignee in equity transfer for security within the corporate organization. The ambiguity in the legal framework of equity transfer pledges and the vagueness of standards for determining shareholder identity are the theoretical roots of the identification dilemma. Meanwhile, the encroachment of party autonomy on mandatory corporate law norms and the dualistic judicial approaches (differentiating between internal and external relationships) serve as practical catalysts for these challenges. To accurately ascertain the shareholder status of the equity transferee within the corporate framework in the context of equity transfer as security, it is imperative to meticulously elucidate the foundational legal architecture of equity transfer as security.Additionally, the legal provisions in the Company Law governing the determination of shareholder status should serve as the cornerstone for legal interpretation. Read More

Abstract: The development of science and technology and economy has pushed the world into a new era of digital economy. As a key factor of production, data flows frequently in the field of international investment because of its property attributes and investment value, which indicates the trend of transnational investment in the future. For multinational investors who intend to invest in data assets, the first issue to be considered is whether data assets can become eligible investment and be protected by existing international investment entity rules and procedural rules. However, there is still ambiguity in the identification of data investment eligibility in existing investment treaties and practices. As a big country of data resources, China should actively embrace the new era of digital economy and support digital economy enterprises to make rational use of international investment arbitration system to safeguard their rights and interests when dealing with investment disputes. At the same time, we should seize the opportunity of rule-making, promote the revision of the definition of investment in bilateral investment agreements while improving domestic investment and digital legislation, and provide legal protection for accelerating China’s digital economy foreign investment cooperation. Read More

Abstract: Conduct a survey on the current situation of the summer children's swimming training industry in Xi'an High tech Zone through methods such as literature review, on-site investigation, and questionnaire survey, in order to understand the basic situation, business models, and water quality safety of venues related to the summer children's swimming training industry in Xi'an High tech Zone; The current status of coaches' gender and age, professional titles and educational qualifications, and sources; The current situation of teaching content and assessment related to swimming teaching. Based on the current situation, we understand the problems in the summer swimming training for children in Xi'an High tech Zone, and propose relevant suggestions based on the existing problems, providing reference for the sustainable development of the summer swimming training industry for children in Xi'an. Read More

Abstract: Taking the aging population in the Zhongyuan urban agglomeration as the research subject, using the proportion of the elderly population aged 65 and above as the primary measurement index. Methods such as standard deviational ellipse,spatial autocorrelation analysis, and the optimal parameters-based geographical detector are employed to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution and influencing factors of aging at the county scale.The results indicate that:①From 2000 to 2020, population aging in the Zhongyuan urban agglomeration intensified from northwest to southeast. The region shifted from an adult-dominated to an elderly-dominated demographic. Among them, the districts and counties under the jurisdiction of Xinyang City,Henan Province, are the most obvious. ②Population aging in the Zhongyuan urban agglomeration exhibits a strong global spatial positive correlation, with distinct local spatial clustering. The high-high cluster and low-low cluster show a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, indicating that the spatial difference of population aging has narrowed.③Factors such as fertility levels, the 2010 aging ratio, birth rates, and migration rates are the primary determinants of population aging distribution. The impact of greening and healthcare levels follows, with the influence of population, natural, and economic factors diminishing progressively.④The interaction of fertility level∩2010 aging ratio and fertility level∩greening level has a strong impact on population aging, indicating that fertility level plays a major role in the process of population aging. The research can provide an important basis for the subsequent population structure adjustment. Read More

Abstract: In the context of continuous educational innovation, project - based learning, as an innovative teaching model, has received extensive attention in the field of middle school English teaching. With elements such as authentic tasks, driving questions, and an emphasis on students’ dominant position, it integrates deeply with middle school English teaching, significantly enhancing students’ comprehensive language application ability, thinking quality, and cultural awareness. Teachers can promote in - depth learning effectively by identifying projects that fit the unit theme and students’ interests, creating real - life situations, and guiding students to conduct cooperative inquiries. However, in practice, project - based learning still faces many challenges, such as insufficient teacher guidance capabilities, a lack of teaching resources, and an imperfect evaluation system. Future research should focus on developing targeted teacher training programs, exploring efficient resource integration strategies, and constructing a scientific and comprehensive evaluation system to promote the wide application and optimization of project - based learning in middle school English teaching, facilitate the cultivation of core competencies in the English subject, improve the quality of middle school English teaching, and achieve the educational goals of the English subject. Read More

Abstract: Nowadays, the forms of auspicious patterns in traditional sculpture vary widely, rich in connotation and profound in significance, embodying the thought-provoking traditional cultural connotations. The emergence of auspicious patterns is an important outcome of the millennia-long accumulation of historical and folk culture of the Chinese nation. As a unique cultural and artistic phenomenon, it not only encapsulates the wisdom of the ancient Chinese but also contains deep philosophical thoughts of humanity, further enriching humanistic ideas and carrying profound cultural significance. Based on this, the article first overviews the development history of traditional Chinese auspicious patterns, then summarizes their meanings, characteristics, and types, and finally analyzes the appearance design of traditional Chinese auspicious patterns, providing a reference for relevant scholars to explore and discuss. Read More

Abstract: The theory of procedural justice, which was transplanted to China in the 1990s, has undergone theoretical development and has had a profound impact on China's civil litigation procedures and judicial practices. However, it has also encountered challenges such as procedural instrumentalism and judicial centrism. The overall value orientation of our society is developing towards diversification, which has also led to the diversification of civil disputes and people's demand for justice in China. The theory of procedural justice in civil litigation not only needs to break the closed nature of research fields, but also needs to break the closed nature of justice theories in other fields. The inclusiveness of civil litigation procedures also requires the concept of sharing and co governance to resolve disputes. This article systematically constructs a program based on the theory of dialogue mechanism, aiming to open up channels for all forces that can assist in resolving civil disputes to enter the civil litigation process and help resolve disputes; On the other hand, based on the theory of open procedural justice, the connection and inclusiveness between civil litigation procedures and other dispute resolution mechanisms have been constructed at the theoretical and institutional levels, thus forming an inclusive theory of procedural justice. Read More

Abstract: In the context of globalization, the construction and dissemination of national image has become an important part of international exchanges. As an important channel of cross-cultural communication, the translation of news has a crucial impact on shaping and disseminating the national image. Based on the theoretical framework of Fairclough’s three-dimensional model of critical discourse analysis and Halliday’s systemic-functional grammar, this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the translation of news documents in the bilingual section of China Daily’s official website, in order to explore whether China Daily embodies the application of transitivity system in the translation process, and how to convey China’s position and achievements through transitivity system, aiming to reveal the construction mode and effect of contemporary China’s image in foreign communication. This paper reveals the important role of news translation in shaping and spreading the image of contemporary China, and provides new ideas for foreign news translation. Read More

Abstract: This study explores the role of Mongolian youth elites in sustaining social stability in China's Inner Mongolia border regions through the lens of dual embeddedness. Drawing on a qualitative case study approach, the research investigates how these youth elites navigate their dual identities-rooted in both ethnic tradition and state-oriented modernization. Through in-depth interviews and field observations, the study reveals that youth elites act as key mediators between local communities and state institutions, leveraging their cultural capital and policy literacy to bridge ethnic and administrative divides. The findings suggest that dual embeddedness enables these individuals to contribute to social cohesion, particularly in contexts of ethnic tension or governance challenges. However, the study also identifies ambivalence among youth elites who struggle with cultural dilution and institutional constraints. These dynamics highlight the complexity of elite roles in fragile border settings, where national integration and ethnic identity often intersect in contentious ways. This research contributes to broader discussions on ethnic governance, youth agency, and stability in borderland China. Moreover, The case study highlights the importance of developing institutional mechanisms that capitalize on youth elites' unique positioning to strengthen border governance and intercultural communication. Read More

Abstract: In Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 (hereafter Manuscripts), Karl Marx critiques alienated labor and private ownership under capitalism through his analysis of the harsh conditions faced by workers. Over a century later, Herbert Marcuse, building on Marx’s theory of alienated labor and responding to new developments in capitalism, proposes the concept of technological alienation. He argues that science and technology have evolved into novel forms of social control. While Marcuse’s theory of technological alienation inherits Marx’s framework, significant divergences inevitably emerge due to the century-long gap between their historical contexts and the distinct socio-economic realities they addressed. Read More

Abstract: Based on the explanatory framework of structural functionalism, the case analysis of community grassroots burden reduction shows that the problem of "constant reduction and constant negative" of grassroots work is rooted in environmental adaptation, goal achievement, integration and coordination and model maintenance, the external environment increases the work pressure through the adjustment of organizational goals, and the work objectives are transmitted to the grassroots organizations layer by layer, and the functional integration and coordination within the organization increases the burden on the grassroots to a certain extent, and the feedback mode of the assessment of the superior department and external supervision increases the workload of the grassroots level, thus forming a model cycle of "constant reduction and constant negative". Based on this, grassroots organizations should strengthen the level of environmental capacity adaptation, straighten out the relationship between lines and powers, optimize organizational integration and coordination functions, and build an effective model maintenance mechanism, so as to reduce the burden on the grassroots level. Read More

Abstract: The legal representative system of Chinese companies originated from the reform of state-owned enterprises in the planned economy, and it has inherent flaws at both the practical and theoretical levels. In practice, the system has a strong administrative color, centralizes administrative management and company operation, ignores the balance of rights of the internal members of the company, and may lead to arbitrariness and abuse of the legal representative's authority. Theoretically, the traditional civil law perspective positions the legal representative as the external expression organ of the company, but ignores its functionality as the node of the company's business operation at the level of organizational law. The legal representative should be regarded as an intentional agent based on the support of the company's registration system, and its external effect should be gradually absorbed by the functional agent. In terms of the internal relationship of the company, the legal representative, as an important node of the company's organization and operation, should be changed in full respect of the company's internal governance order and the company's interests. Comparing with the relevant systems in Germany and Japan, the company laws of these countries do not consider that there is an essential difference between the right of representation and the right of agency, and the right of representation usually originates from the collective decision-making and authorization of the board of directors. The legal representative system should return to its functional position in corporate governance, i.e. a kind of special agent in the field of company, whose speciality lies in the credibility generated by the company registration, and at the same time, the exercise of its power and authority should safeguard the interests of the company's internal governance. Read More

Abstract: Climate change has affected human beings around the world, and the atmospheric system on which it depends is changing. Under the influence of climate change, extreme weather occurs frequently. In order to respond more actively to global climate change, climate change litigation is emerging globally, involving more subjects such as governments or enterprises in climate governance actions. This paper summarizes the characteristics of climate change litigation against enterprises from the existing climate change litigation cases, mainly including the legal basis of litigation and the change of claims in litigation. Read More

Abstract: This paper discusses the impact of video art on the improvement of the quality of life of the elderly in their later years, on their sense of well-being and mental health, and then on the formation of an Art therapy effect. With the development of digital technology and smartphones, video has become an important part of the daily life of the elderly, enriching their daily life and becoming a form of enhancing the quality of life and happiness of the elderly, and the Art therapy effect it brings has attracted widespread attention. Starting from the theoretical basis of image creation and dissemination and Art therapy, this paper analyzes in detail the content of the image life of the elderly, the dilemmas faced by the elderly in the digital era, the methods of solving them, as well as the role of Art therapy brought about and its practical approach to be studied. Read More

Abstract: This study explored the impact of physiological and psychological factors on the determination of minors’ criminal responsibility. Studies have shown that the development of adolescent brains lags behind the emotional system, making them more likely to make impulsive decisions and increasing the risk of illegal behavior. In addition, psychological maturity is closely related to physiological development, and lack of family support and mental health problems often lead to criminal behavior. In order to more accurately assess the criminal responsibility of minors, this study proposes to establish a dual-track identification model of "physiological + psychological assessment", emphasizing the application of neuroscience and psychology in judicial assessment to optimize the mechanism for determining juvenile criminal responsibility and promote the judicial practice goal of giving equal importance to education and assistance. Read More

Abstract: This research examines the connection between subjective interoceptive accuracy and the tendency to maintain or alter opinions when individuals were confronted with opposing views. We proposed that individuals exhibiting higher interoceptive accuracy would be less inclined to change their opinions. Surprisingly, our findings did not reveal a significant association between interoceptive accuracy and the extent of opinion change. Notably, however, we identified a moderate association between an increased sensitivity to internal bodily signals-as indexed by the Noticing subscale of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA-N)-and a higher likelihood of opinion change.  This observation implies that individuals who are more attuned to their internal bodily signals might also be more adaptable in revising their perspectives when exposed to contradictory viewpoints. Overall, these results enhance our understanding of interoceptive accuracy and attitude shifting, highlighting the intricate interplay between bodily sensations and higher-order cognitive processes. Read More

Abstract: Maritime espionage is a violation of international morality. In terms of the regulation of maritime espionage, there is a legal predicament at the theoretical level, with a lack of corresponding treaty law, international customary law, and international judicial precedents. At the international practice level, although all countries have domestic legislation against espionage, they hold an "ambiguous" double standard towards maritime espionage in international practice. Secondly, the principle of jurisdiction of the flag state and state immunity also bring certain difficulties to the law enforcement actions for regulating maritime espionage. This paper studies the constituent elements of maritime espionage and the legal predicament of regulating maritime espionage, aiming to provide suggestions for improving the security defense legal mechanism for regulating maritime espionage in China. Read More

Abstract: As globalization deepens and international interactions expand, nurturing talents with cross-cultural competence has emerged as a shared objective among nations worldwide. As a widely spoken language, English serves as a vital connector facilitating global communication. With the increase of communication and interaction among people, there is a pressing need to enhance learners' understanding of diverse world cultures. The cultivation of cross-cultural awareness is a hot topic in English teaching today. Integrating intercultural education into English teaching not only aids language acquisition but also fosters effective intercultural communication skills and strengthens students' cultural identity. Vocabulary, as the building block of language learning, mirrors societal changes and embodies rich cultural meanings.  Learning vocabulary well is beneficial to students' English learning and the cultivation of cross-cultural awareness. English learning should focus on the environment. Affordance gives teachers a chance to treat the classroom as an ecological environment and to make use of various potential resources effectively. Therefore, this paper employs affordance theory to explore an ecological teaching framework for cultivating cross-cultural awareness in English instruction. Through detailed case analyses, it aims to identify practical strategies that empower teachers to design learning contexts where students can naturally develop cross-cultural competencies, ultimately providing actionable insights for enhancing intercultural education in language classrooms. Read More

Abstract: Compensation for ship pollution cleanup costs belongs to civil liability, and there is a possibility of limiting liability for the non-persistent cargo oil carried by the vessel SANCHI. Currently, there are problems such as limitation of oil type, subject dispute, non-uniformity of compensation scope and rate standard, and low liability limit in the case of compensation for damage caused by ship pollution in China, etc. The system of limitation of liability in the Maritime Law should be further improved by authorizing the clean-up unit to claim compensation on its own, the subject of responsibility for the ship's clean-up fee should be jointly and severally liable, clarifying the scope and standard of the clean-up fee, and moderately increasing the limit of compensation. Read More